Spain. The Virtual Currency Regulation Review

Isabel Aguilar, Miguel Pérez Campos.

In Spain there is no prominent legislation specific to virtual currencies as of today, except for the piece of legislation approved in April 2021 implementing the Fifth Anti-Money Laundering Directive, the law approved in July 2021 on preventing and fighting tax evasion and a Circular approved by the CNMV on the advertising of cryptoassets. In October 2021, the Bank of Spain put in place a register for providers who are engaged in the exchange of services between virtual currencies and fiat currencies and for custodian wallet providers.

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Other publications

  • Isabel Aguilar, Patricia González Quintanal. La Ley Unión Europea, n.º 148, 2026

  • Isabel Aguilar, Leticia López-Lapuente. In In-Depth Fintech Law. Lexology, 9th ed. Thomas A Frick (Editor). London: Law Business Research, 2026

  • Isabel Aguilar, Leticia López-Lapuente. In International Comparative Legal Guides. Fintech 2025. James Cook (Contributing Editor), David Ives (Contributing Editor), David Shone (Contributing Editor). London: Global Legal Group, 2025

  • Isabel Aguilar, Manuel Vélez. El País (elpais.com), 15/06/2025

  • Isabel Aguilar. In Comentario a la Ley de los Mercados de Valores y de los Servicios de Inversión, t. II. Rafael Sebastián Quetglas (Director), Abel B. Veiga Copo (Director), Martín Jordano (Coordinador). Las Rozas (Madrid): Aranzadi La Ley, 2025